linux下使用pmap和ldd查看进程调用了什么lib
文章目录
在写安装脚本或者其他时候我们想了解某个经常调用了哪些lib，我们可以使用pmap方法，显示出的lib比较全面，当然也可以使用ldd来查看。接下来看看linux下使用pmap和ldd的命令。
pmap命令
使用方法：pmap 进程pid
如下是查看sshd调用了哪些lib
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep sshd
root 1588 1 0 16:05 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd
root 1972 1588 0 16:07 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/0
root 2078 1974 0 16:37 pts/0 00:00:00 grep sshd
[root@localhost ~]# pmap 1588
1588: /usr/sbin/sshd
00007fc5b5aa1000 52K r-x-- /lib64/libnss_files-2.12.so
00007fc5b5aae000 2044K ----- /lib64/libnss_files-2.12.so
00007fc5b5cad000 4K r---- /lib64/libnss_files-2.12.so
00007fc5b5cae000 4K rw--- /lib64/libnss_files-2.12.so
00007fc5b5caf000 28K r-x-- /lib64/librt-2.12.so
00007fc5b5cb6000 2044K ----- /lib64/librt-2.12.so
00007fc5b5eb5000 4K r---- /lib64/librt-2.12.so
00007fc5b5eb6000 4K rw--- /lib64/librt-2.12.so
00007fc5b5eb7000 228K r-x-- /lib64/libnspr4.so
00007fc5b5ef0000 2048K ----- /lib64/libnspr4.so
00007fc5b60f0000 4K r---- /lib64/libnspr4.so
00007fc5b60f1000 8K rw--- /lib64/libnspr4.so
00007fc5b60f3000 8K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b60f5000 12K r-x-- /lib64/libplds4.so
00007fc5b60f8000 2044K ----- /lib64/libplds4.so
00007fc5b62f7000 4K r---- /lib64/libplds4.so
00007fc5b62f8000 4K rw--- /lib64/libplds4.so
00007fc5b62f9000 16K r-x-- /lib64/libplc4.so
00007fc5b62fd000 2044K ----- /lib64/libplc4.so
00007fc5b64fc000 4K r---- /lib64/libplc4.so
00007fc5b64fd000 4K rw--- /lib64/libplc4.so
00007fc5b64fe000 152K r-x-- /usr/lib64/libnssutil3.so
00007fc5b6524000 2044K ----- /usr/lib64/libnssutil3.so
00007fc5b6723000 24K r---- /usr/lib64/libnssutil3.so
00007fc5b6729000 4K rw--- /usr/lib64/libnssutil3.so
00007fc5b672a000 92K r-x-- /lib64/libpthread-2.12.so
00007fc5b6741000 2048K ----- /lib64/libpthread-2.12.so
00007fc5b6941000 4K r---- /lib64/libpthread-2.12.so
00007fc5b6942000 4K rw--- /lib64/libpthread-2.12.so
00007fc5b6943000 16K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b6947000 8K r-x-- /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1.3
00007fc5b6949000 2044K ----- /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1.3
00007fc5b6b48000 4K r---- /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1.3
00007fc5b6b49000 4K rw--- /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1.3
00007fc5b6b4a000 40K r-x-- /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0.1
00007fc5b6b54000 2044K ----- /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0.1
00007fc5b6d53000 4K r---- /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0.1
00007fc5b6d54000 4K rw--- /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0.1
00007fc5b6d55000 8K r-x-- /lib64/libfreebl3.so
00007fc5b6d57000 2044K ----- /lib64/libfreebl3.so
00007fc5b6f56000 4K r---- /lib64/libfreebl3.so
00007fc5b6f57000 4K rw--- /lib64/libfreebl3.so
00007fc5b6f58000 1576K r-x-- /lib64/libc-2.12.so
00007fc5b70e2000 2048K ----- /lib64/libc-2.12.so
00007fc5b72e2000 16K r---- /lib64/libc-2.12.so
00007fc5b72e6000 8K rw--- /lib64/libc-2.12.so
00007fc5b72e8000 16K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b72ec000 1244K r-x-- /usr/lib64/libnss3.so
00007fc5b7423000 2048K ----- /usr/lib64/libnss3.so
00007fc5b7623000 20K r---- /usr/lib64/libnss3.so
00007fc5b7628000 8K rw--- /usr/lib64/libnss3.so
00007fc5b762a000 8K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b762c000 12K r-x-- /lib64/libcom_err.so.2.1
00007fc5b762f000 2044K ----- /lib64/libcom_err.so.2.1
00007fc5b782e000 4K r---- /lib64/libcom_err.so.2.1
00007fc5b782f000 4K rw--- /lib64/libcom_err.so.2.1
00007fc5b7830000 164K r-x-- /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3.1
00007fc5b7859000 2048K ----- /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3.1
00007fc5b7a59000 4K r---- /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3.1
00007fc5b7a5a000 4K rw--- /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3.1
00007fc5b7a5b000 4K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b7a5c000 880K r-x-- /lib64/libkrb5.so.3.3
00007fc5b7b38000 2044K ----- /lib64/libkrb5.so.3.3
00007fc5b7d37000 40K r---- /lib64/libkrb5.so.3.3
00007fc5b7d41000 8K rw--- /lib64/libkrb5.so.3.3
00007fc5b7d43000 260K r-x-- /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
00007fc5b7d84000 2048K ----- /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
00007fc5b7f84000 4K r---- /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
00007fc5b7f85000 8K rw--- /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
00007fc5b7f87000 88K r-x-- /lib64/libresolv-2.12.so
00007fc5b7f9d000 2048K ----- /lib64/libresolv-2.12.so
00007fc5b819d000 4K r---- /lib64/libresolv-2.12.so
00007fc5b819e000 4K rw--- /lib64/libresolv-2.12.so
00007fc5b819f000 8K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b81a1000 28K r-x-- /lib64/libcrypt-2.12.so
00007fc5b81a8000 2048K ----- /lib64/libcrypt-2.12.so
00007fc5b83a8000 4K r---- /lib64/libcrypt-2.12.so
00007fc5b83a9000 4K rw--- /lib64/libcrypt-2.12.so
00007fc5b83aa000 184K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b83d8000 88K r-x-- /lib64/libnsl-2.12.so
00007fc5b83ee000 2044K ----- /lib64/libnsl-2.12.so
00007fc5b85ed000 4K r---- /lib64/libnsl-2.12.so
00007fc5b85ee000 4K rw--- /lib64/libnsl-2.12.so
00007fc5b85ef000 8K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b85f1000 84K r-x-- /lib64/libz.so.1.2.3
00007fc5b8606000 2044K ----- /lib64/libz.so.1.2.3
00007fc5b8805000 4K r---- /lib64/libz.so.1.2.3
00007fc5b8806000 4K rw--- /lib64/libz.so.1.2.3
00007fc5b8807000 8K r-x-- /lib64/libutil-2.12.so
00007fc5b8809000 2044K ----- /lib64/libutil-2.12.so
00007fc5b8a08000 4K r---- /lib64/libutil-2.12.so
00007fc5b8a09000 4K rw--- /lib64/libutil-2.12.so
00007fc5b8a0a000 1768K r-x-- /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.1.0.1e
00007fc5b8bc4000 2048K ----- /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.1.0.1e
00007fc5b8dc4000 108K r---- /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.1.0.1e
00007fc5b8ddf000 48K rw--- /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.1.0.1e
00007fc5b8deb000 16K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b8def000 116K r-x-- /lib64/libselinux.so.1
00007fc5b8e0c000 2044K ----- /lib64/libselinux.so.1
00007fc5b900b000 4K r---- /lib64/libselinux.so.1
00007fc5b900c000 4K rw--- /lib64/libselinux.so.1
00007fc5b900d000 4K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b900e000 8K r-x-- /lib64/libdl-2.12.so
00007fc5b9010000 2048K ----- /lib64/libdl-2.12.so
00007fc5b9210000 4K r---- /lib64/libdl-2.12.so
00007fc5b9211000 4K rw--- /lib64/libdl-2.12.so
00007fc5b9212000 48K r-x-- /lib64/libpam.so.0.82.2
00007fc5b921e000 2048K ----- /lib64/libpam.so.0.82.2
00007fc5b941e000 4K r---- /lib64/libpam.so.0.82.2
00007fc5b941f000 4K rw--- /lib64/libpam.so.0.82.2
00007fc5b9420000 96K r-x-- /lib64/libaudit.so.1.0.0
00007fc5b9438000 2044K ----- /lib64/libaudit.so.1.0.0
00007fc5b9637000 8K r---- /lib64/libaudit.so.1.0.0
00007fc5b9639000 44K rw--- /lib64/libaudit.so.1.0.0
00007fc5b9644000 32K r-x-- /lib64/libwrap.so.0.7.6
00007fc5b964c000 2048K ----- /lib64/libwrap.so.0.7.6
00007fc5b984c000 4K r---- /lib64/libwrap.so.0.7.6
00007fc5b984d000 4K rw--- /lib64/libwrap.so.0.7.6
00007fc5b984e000 4K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b984f000 8K r-x-- /lib64/libfipscheck.so.1.1.0
00007fc5b9851000 2044K ----- /lib64/libfipscheck.so.1.1.0
00007fc5b9a50000 4K r---- /lib64/libfipscheck.so.1.1.0
00007fc5b9a51000 4K rw--- /lib64/libfipscheck.so.1.1.0
00007fc5b9a52000 128K r-x-- /lib64/ld-2.12.so
00007fc5b9c55000 56K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b9c71000 4K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b9c72000 4K r---- /lib64/ld-2.12.so
00007fc5b9c73000 4K rw--- /lib64/ld-2.12.so
00007fc5b9c74000 4K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5b9c75000 544K r-x-- /usr/sbin/sshd
00007fc5b9efc000 12K r---- /usr/sbin/sshd
00007fc5b9eff000 4K rw--- /usr/sbin/sshd
00007fc5b9f00000 36K rw--- [ anon ]
00007fc5bb921000 132K rw--- [ anon ]
00007ffd9c561000 84K rw--- [ stack ]
00007ffd9c580000 4K r-x-- [ anon ]
ffffffffff600000 4K r-x-- [ anon ]
total 66240K
内容非常详细详细，接下来看看ldd命令
ldd命令
使用方法：ldd 程序命令
例如，查看sshd启动需要使用哪些lib，如下：
[root@localhost ~]# ldd /usr/sbin/sshd
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007ffdb9f8d000)
libfipscheck.so.1 => /lib64/libfipscheck.so.1 (0x00007f7f23c90000)
libwrap.so.0 => /lib64/libwrap.so.0 (0x00007f7f23a85000)
libaudit.so.1 => /lib64/libaudit.so.1 (0x00007f7f23860000)
libpam.so.0 => /lib64/libpam.so.0 (0x00007f7f23652000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f7f2344e000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f7f2322e000)
libcrypto.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10 (0x00007f7f22e49000)
libutil.so.1 => /lib64/libutil.so.1 (0x00007f7f22c46000)
libz.so.1 => /lib64/libz.so.1 (0x00007f7f22a2f000)
libnsl.so.1 => /lib64/libnsl.so.1 (0x00007f7f22816000)
libcrypt.so.1 => /lib64/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00007f7f225df000)
libresolv.so.2 => /lib64/libresolv.so.2 (0x00007f7f223c4000)
libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0x00007f7f22180000)
libkrb5.so.3 => /lib64/libkrb5.so.3 (0x00007f7f21e99000)
libk5crypto.so.3 => /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3 (0x00007f7f21c6c000)
libcom_err.so.2 => /lib64/libcom_err.so.2 (0x00007f7f21a68000)
libnss3.so => /usr/lib64/libnss3.so (0x00007f7f21728000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f7f21393000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003821000000)
libfreebl3.so => /lib64/libfreebl3.so (0x00007f7f21190000)
libkrb5support.so.0 => /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0 (0x00007f7f20f84000)
libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1 (0x00007f7f20d81000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f7f20b64000)
libnssutil3.so => /usr/lib64/libnssutil3.so (0x00007f7f20937000)
libplc4.so => /lib64/libplc4.so (0x00007f7f20732000)
libplds4.so => /lib64/libplds4.so (0x00007f7f2052e000)
libnspr4.so => /lib64/libnspr4.so (0x00007f7f202ef000)
librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x00007f7f200e7000)
ldd将调用到的lib名称以及他的绝对路径给显示出来了，比pmap要直观。
在linux下，不管你使用ldd还是pmap都是可以查看到程序调用的路径。如果查看一个已经运行种但是又不知道程序路径的程序，使用pmap更快捷，对于其他的可以使用ldd，工作种，用得最多的还是ldd.
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